The Eid Salah and Khutbah
‘Umar Radiallahu anhu said:
“The prayer of al-Fitr is two rak’ahs and
the prayer of al-Adha is two rak’ahs,
complete and not shortened,
on the tongue of your Prophet,
and the one who fabricates lies is doomed.”
Narrated by al-Nasaa’i, 1420 and Ibn Khuzaymah.
Classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in Saheeh al-Nasaa’i.
Eid Salah
Eid Salah is regarded as a sunnah muakidah, an individual obligation (fardh ayn) for every able person, thus it is incumbent for both the men and womenfolk to attend the Eid salah.
This obligation is varied where it concerns a person who is unable to attend the congregational prayer due to valid reasoning, it is a communal obligation (fardh khifayah) for that person.
Recite the Takbeerat
Allaahu akbar, Allaahu akbar, laa ilaaha ill-Allaah, Allaahu akbar, Allaahu akbar, wa Lillaahi’l-hamd
Allaah is Most Great, Allaah is Most Great, there is no god except Allaah, Allaah is Most Great, Allaah is Most Great, and all praise be to Allaah.
The time for this takbeer begins when the sun sets on the night of Eid (i.e., the night before) if it is known that the new month has begun when the sun sets, such as when the people have completed thirty days of Ramadaan, or when it is proven that the new moon of Shawwaal has been sighted. And it ends when the prayer begins, i.e., when they start the Eid prayer then the time for the takbeer ends.
Majmoo’ Fataawa Ibn ‘Uthaymeen, 16/269-272.
Key Considerations
The method of salah differs as compared to Jummah salah
- There is no Iqamah, nor is there any adhaan
- There is no Khutbah before the salah, but rather the Khutbah is after the salah
Abu Sa’eed (may Allaah be pleased with him) who said:
RasulAllah Sallallahu alayhi wasalam used to come out to the prayer place on the day of al-Fitr and al-Adha,
and the first thing he would start with was the prayer, then he would go and stand facing the people,
while the people were sitting in their rows, and he would preach to them and advise them and command them.
If he wanted to send out a military expedition he would do so and if he wanted to tell the people to do something he would do so,
then he would leave.
Abu Sa’eed said:
The people continued to do that until I went out with Marwaan – who was the governor of Madeenah – on Eid al-Adha or Eid al-Fitr,
and when we came to the prayer-place, there was a minbar that had been built by Katheer ibn al-Salt.
When Marwaan wanted to ascend it before he prayed,
I grabbed his garment and he pushed me away and climbed up and delivered the khutbah before the prayer.
I said, “You have changed it by Allaah.”
He said, “O Abu Sa’eed, what you knew has gone.”
I said, “What I know, by Allaah, is better than what I do not know.”
He said,
“The people will not sit and listen to us after the prayer, so we did it before the prayer.”
Narrated by al-Bukhaari, 956.
- There are seven takbirs in the first rakah and five takbirs in the second rakah
‘Aa’ishah Radiallahu anhu,
“The takbeer of al-Fitr and al-Adha is seven takbeers in the first rak’ah and
five takbeers in the second, apart from the takbeer of rukoo’.”
Narrated by Abu Dawood and
classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in Irwa’ al-Ghaleel, 639.
Method of Salah
- In the First Rakah;
The Imam pronounces the;
Opening Takbir – to begin the salah, hands raised, the takbir pronounced and hands then folded over each other, dua recited (Takbir al Ihram)
First Takbir – hands are raised, the takbir pronounced and hands then folded over each other again
Second Takbir – hands are raised, the takbir pronounced and hands then folded over each other again
Third Takbir – hands are raised, the takbir pronounced and hands then folded over each other again
Fourth Takbir – hands are raised, the takbir pronounced and hands then folded over each other again
Fifth Takbir -hands are raised, the takbir pronounced and hands then folded over each other again
Sixth Takbir – hands are raised, the takbir pronounced and hands then folded over each other again
Seventh Takbir – hands are raised, the takbir pronounced and hands then folded over each other again
The Imam then proceeds to recite;
Surah Al Fatiha
then
Surah Qaf in first rakah and Al Qamr in second Rakah
or
Surah al Ala in first rakah and Al-Ghashiyah in second rakah
or
what the Imam knows of Quran
- In the Second Rakah;
The Imam pronounces the;
Takbir upon rising from Sujood – to rise up from Sujood (as normally stated in salah)
First Takbir – hands are raised, the takbir pronounced and hands then folded over each other again
Second Takbir – hands are raised, the takbir pronounced and hands then folded over each other again
Third Takbir – hands are raised, the takbir pronounced and hands then folded over each other again
Fourth Takbir – hands are raised, the takbir pronounced and hands then folded over each other again
Fifth Takbir – hands are raised, the takbir pronounced and hands then folded over each other again
The Imam then proceeds to recite;
Surah Al -Fatiha
then
Al Qamr in second Rakah if Surah Qaf was recited in first rakah
or
Al-Ghashiyah in second Rakah if Surah al Ala was recited in first Rakah
or
what the Imam knows of Quran
Khutbah
It is important to understand that the salah takes place before the Eid Khutbah, (unlike Jummah where the khutbah takes place first). It has also been shown that there is a sitting by the Imam between the Khutbahs (based on weak ahadith), although this has variance in views and either is subject to Ijtihad.
Eid Khutbah
-
- Begin with praising Allah subhana wa taala and salutations upon Rasulallah sallallahu alayhi wasalam, His family and His Companions.
- Convey Salam to the Jama’ah
- Begin the talk and thereafter proceed to recite Khutbah al Hajah or proceed to recite Khutbah Al Hajah without a talk if not prepared.
Khutbah
Recite a number of times (7 or 9)
Allahu Akbar
Thereafter recite Khutbah al Haajah.
Al-Nisaai reported that Abd-Allaah ibn Masood (may Allaah be pleased with him) said:
Rasulallah Sallallahu alayhi wasalam taught us Khutbat al-Haajah:
Al-hamdu Lillaahi nastaeenahu wa nastaghfiruhu,
wa naoodhu billaahi min shuroori anfusinaa wa sayiaati amaalinaa.
Man yahdih Illaahu falaa mudilla lahu
wa man yudlil falaa haadiya lahu.
Wa ashhadu an laa ilaaha ill-Allaah wa ashhadu anna Muhammadan abduhu wa rasooluhu
(Praise be to Allaah, we seek His help and His forgiveness. We seek refuge with Allaah from the evil of our own souls and from our bad deeds. Whomsoever Allaah guides will never be led astray, and whomsoever Allaah leaves astray, no one can guide. I bear witness that there is no (true) god but Allaah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger).
Then he recited the following three aayaat (interpretation of the meaning):
(1) Yaa ayyuhalladheena aamanu-ttaquLlaaha haqqa tuqaatihi wa laa tamootunna illaa wa antum muslimoon
(O you who believe! Fear Allaah as He should be feared, and die not except in a state of Islam (as Muslims) with complete submission to Allaah.) [Aal Imraan 3:102],
(2) Yaa ayyuhan-naas uttaqu rabbakum alladhi khalaqakum min nafsin waahidatin
wa khalaqa minhaa zawjahaa wa baththa minhumaa rijaalan katheeran
wa nisaaan wattaqu-Llaah alladhi tasaaaloona bihi wal-arhaama
inna Allaaha kaana alaykum raqeeban
(O mankind! Be dutiful to your Lord, Who created you from a single person, and from him He created his wife, and from them both He created many men and women, and fear Allaah through Whom you demand your mutual (rights), and (do not cut the relations of) the wombs (kinship) Surely, Allaah is Ever an All-Watcher over you). [al-Nisaa 4:1],
(3) Yaa ayyahulladheena aamanu-ttaquLlaaha wa qooloo qawlan sadeedan
(O you who believe! Keep your duty to Allaah and fear Him, and speak (always) the truth). [al-Ahzaab 33:70].
Sunan al-Nisaai: Kitaab al-Jumuah
The Imam then
-
- either then sits (based on weak ahadith) or continues standing (dependent on what Ijtihad is exercised)
- Rises and then praises Allah Subhana wa taala and recites adiyah (Dua’s) and most importantly Salah Ibraheemiyyah (Durood Ebrahim)
Recite a number of times (7 or 9)
Allaahu akbar
thereafter recite Salah Ibraheemiyyah (Durood Ebrahim)
Allahumma salli `ala Muhammadin wa `ala ali Muhammadin
kama sallaita `ala Ibrahima wa `ala ali Ibrahima
Innaka hameedun Majid
Allahumma barik `ala Muhammadin wa `ala ali Muhammadin
kama barakta `ala Ibrahima
wa `ala ali Ibrahima Innaka hamidun Majeed,
-
- Congratulates the Jama’ah or Family (Jama’ah of at least 3 to 4 of the household) who have attended the Eid Salah
“Taqqabal Allahu minna wa minkum“
May Allah accept from you and I
Missed Eid Salah in Jama’ah?
The able person who has missed in salah in jama’ah or those upon whom it is Fardh Khifayah and cannot attend due to disability; then the same method of Salah should be performed either alone or with family.
Should Sisters (Womenfolk) be excluded from the Eid Salah?
No ! ! !
But this is to be met with specific conditions of remaining in proper attire, hayah, without perfume and avoiding mixing
Hafsah bint Sireen said:
Umm ‘Atiyyah hardly ever mentioned Rasulallah Sallallahu Alayhi wasalam
but she would say,
“May my father be sacrificed for him.”
I said,
“Did you hear the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) say such and such,”
and she said,
“Yes, may my father be sacrificed for him, and he Sallallahu Alayhi wasalam said,
‘Let the adolescent girls, women in seclusion and menstruating women come out to attend Eid
and witness the gathering of the Muslims,
but let the menstruating women avoid the prayer place.’”
Narrated by al-Bukhaari, 1/84
And Allah knows Best
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